Финансовая резильентность в условиях макроэкономической нестабильности: адаптация и психометрическая проверка шкалы на российской выборке
Аннотация
Обоснование. В условиях макроэкономической неопределенности, сохраняющейся в российской экономике, способность населения противостоять финансовым шокам становится критически важным фактором индивидуального благополучия и социально-экономической стабильности. В зарубежной литературе для описания этой способности используется конструкт финансовой резильентности (financial resilience), однако в российской науке он остается малоизученным, а надежных инструментов для его количественной оценки не существует.
Цель настоящей работы заключается в адаптации на российской выборке Шкалы финансовой резильентности (Oliveira et al., 2024) и эмпирической проверке взаимосвязей между ее компонентами и отношением населения к денежно-кредитной политике.
Материалы и методы. Исследование выполнено на выборке из 321 респондента (M = 37,9; SD = 11,5). Наряду с адаптируемой шкалой использовались авторский опросник отношения к денежно-кредитной политике, методики диагностики финансовой самоэффективности, личностных черт и диспозиционного оптимизма. Применялись эксплораторный факторный анализ и корреляционный анализ (r-Спирмена).
Результаты. Полученные результаты позволяют заключить, что адаптированная версия шкалы воспроизводит 3-х факторную структуру оригинала («Сберегательное поведение», «Финансовая включенность», «Способность справляться с трудностями») с показателями внутренней согласованности α = 0,811, ω = 0,819. Пункт о наличии банковского счета исключен из-за перекрестной нагрузки и культурно-специфической неоднозначности интерпретации. Корреляционный анализ выявил значимые положительные связи доверия к Центральному банку со сберегательным поведением и копинг-способностью, а также значимые корреляции инфляционных ожиданий и поведенческой реакции на ключевую ставку с компонентами резильентности.
Выводы. Адаптированная шкала может быть рекомендована для диагностики финансовой уязвимости населения, оценки программ финансового просвещения и мониторинга социально-экономических последствий денежно-кредитной политики. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что институциональное доверие выступает психологическим ресурсом, снижающим неопределенность и способствующим формированию долгосрочных финансовых стратегий, что открывает перспективы для дальнейших исследований роли макроэкономических ожиданий в формировании финансовой устойчивости домохозяйств.
Скачивания
Литература
Гордеева, Т. О., Сычев, О. А., & Осин, Е. Н. (2010). Разработка русскоязычной версии теста диспозиционного оптимизма (LOT). Психологическая диагностика, (2), 36–64. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/SUFPGP
Максименко, А. А., & Лазарев, М. А. (2026). Переживаемая финансовая нестабильность: адаптация шкалы финансовой угрозы на российской выборке. Вестник Московского университета. Серия 14. Психология, 49(3), 143–171. https://doi.org/10.11621/LPJ-26-27. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/SDRTXP
Сергеева, А. С., Кириллов, Б. А., & Джумагулова, А. Ф. (2016). Перевод и адаптация краткого пятифакторного опросника личности (TIPI RU): оценка конвергентной валидности, внутренней согласованности и тест ретестовой надежности. Экспериментальная психология, 9(3), 138–154. https://doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2016090311. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/XAMNUL
Abreu, M., Mendes, V., & Coutinho dos Santos, M. (2025). Financial literacy, financial resilience and participation in securities markets: Evidence from Portugal. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 18(12), 677. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm18120677. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/HXWKVS
Adger, W. N. (2000). Social and ecological resilience: Are they related? Progress in Human Geography, 24, 347–364. https://doi.org/10.1191/030913200701540465. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/JTPISP
Bertrand, M., Mullainathan, S., & Shafir, E. (2004). A behavioral economics view of poverty. American Economic Review, 94(2), 419–423. https://doi.org/10.1257/0002828041302019
Bialowolski, P., Weziak Bialowolska, D., & McNeely, E. (2021). The role of financial fragility and financial control for well being. Social Indicators Research, 155(3), 1137–1157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-021-02627-5. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ITTRWA
Bottazzi, L., & Oggero, N. (2023). Financial literacy and financial resilience: Evidence from Italy. Journal of Financial Literacy and Wellbeing, 1(2), 199–224. https://doi.org/10.1017/flw.2023.10. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/WVCJFQ
Carton, F., Xiong, H., & McCarthy, J. B. (2022). Drivers of financial well being in socioeconomic deprived populations. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 34, 100628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbef.2022.100628. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/PYPJCL
Cubeddu, F., & Martini, E. (2025). Resilience and adaptive capacities of societies: Social and cultural strategies. Frontiers in Sociology, 10, 1581631. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2025.1581631. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/CDJMWZ
Demertzis, M., Domínguez Jiménez, M., & Lusardi, A. (2020). The financial fragility of European households in the time of COVID 19 (Policy Contribution, No. 2020/15). Bruegel.
Demirgüç Kunt, A., Klapper, L., Singer, D., & Ansar, S. (2022). The Global Findex database 2021: Financial inclusion, digital payments, and resilience in the age of COVID 19. World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1897-4
Folke, C. (2006). Resilience: The emergence of a perspective for social ecological systems analyses. Global Environmental Change, 16(3), 253–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.04.002
Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., & Swann, W. B. Jr. (2003). A very brief measure of the Big Five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 504–528. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00046-1
Goyal, K., Kumar, S., Rao, P., Colombage, S., & Sharma, A. (2021). Financial distress and COVID 19: Evidence from working individuals in India. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 13(4), 503–528. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-08-2020-0159. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/BQKPEO
Holling, C. S. (1973). Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 4, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.04.110173.000245
Jalili, R., Gilani, N., Najafi, B., Gordeev, V. S., & Doshmangir, L. (2025). Health financial resilience in individuals and households: A scoping review of components, strategies and outcomes. BMC Public Health, 25(1), 3021. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-24467-5. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/VAPNCK
Kamble, P. A., Mehta, A., & Rani, N. (2025). Building financial resilience: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. Journal of Economic Surveys, 40(2), 954–981. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.70024. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/BBTOKL
Kimhi, S. (2016). Levels of resilience: Associations among individual, community, and national resilience. Journal of Health Psychology, 21(2), 164–170. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105314524009
Klapper, L., & Lusardi, A. (2020). Financial literacy and financial resilience: Evidence from around the world. Financial Management, 49(3), 589–614. https://doi.org/10.1111/fima.12283
Kuramoto, Y., Bawalle, A. A., Khan, M. S. R., & Kadoya, Y. (2025). Hyperbolic discounting and its influence on loss tolerance: Evidence from Japanese investors. Risks, 13(10), 202. https://doi.org/10.3390/risks13100202. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/KETZUP
Liu, Z., Chen, J. K., & Xiao, J. J. (2025). Financial resilience: A scoping review, conceptual synthesis and theoretical framework. International Journal of Bank Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-12-2024-0735. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/BOTNNF
Luhmann, M., Hofmann, W., Eid, M., & Lucas, R. E. (2012). Subjective well being and adaptation to life events: A meta analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(3), 592–615. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025948
Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2014). The economic importance of financial literacy: Theory and evidence. Journal of Economic Literature, 52(1), 5–44. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.52.1.5. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/USUWSV
Lusardi, A., Schneider, D. J., & Tufano, P. (2011). Financially fragile households: Evidence and implications (NBER Working Paper, No. w17072). National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. https://doi.org/10.3386/w17072
Marjanovic, Z., Greenglass, E. R., Fiksenbaum, L., & Bell, Ch. M. (2013). Psychometric evaluation of the Financial Threat Scale (FTS) in the context of the great recession. Journal of Economic Psychology, 36(C), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2013.02.005
Netemeyer, R. G., Warmath, D., Fernandes, D., & Lynch, J. G. (2018). How am I doing? Perceived financial well being, its potential antecedents, and its relation to overall well being. Journal of Consumer Research, 45(1), 68–89. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucx109
Oliveira, N. A., Bressan, A. A., & Vieira, K. M. (2024). Measuring financial resilience in Brazil: Construction and validation of a psychometric instrument for vulnerable populations [Unpublished manuscript].
Orthner, D. K., Jones Sanpei, H., & Williamson, S. (2004). The resilience and strengths of low income families. Family Relations, 53(2), 159–167. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-2445.2004.00006.x
Preciado Coronado, J., & Flores Flores, D. (2025). Critical theory of the concept of resilience and general social theory. Espacio Abierto. Cuaderno Venezolano de Sociología, 34(4), 23–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16949828
Rayampatt, M. C., & Rajan, S. K. (2025). Development and validation of the Brief Financial Resilience Scale. Social Indicators Research, 179(3), 1417–1430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-025-03673-z. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/HIDEQX
Robba, M., Carmela, A., Iannello, P., & Sorgente, A. (2026). Bridging economic and psychological perspectives on financial resilience: An integrative review and research agenda. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 50(2), e70174. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.70174. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/KSIYUI
Salignac, F., Marjolin, A., Reeve, R., & Muir, K. (2019). Conceptualizing and measuring financial resilience: A multidimensional framework. Social Indicators Research, 145(1), 17–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-019-02100-4. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/VDQHWM
Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (1994). Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self mastery, and self esteem): A reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(6), 1063–1078. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.67.6.1063. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/HITQIL
Simmie, J., & Martin, R. (2010). The economic resilience of regions: Towards an evolutionary approach. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 3(1), 27–43. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsp029
Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges: Interdisciplinary perspectives. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1), 25338. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338
Swanstrom, T. (2008). Regional resilience: A critical examination of the ecological framework (Working Paper). University of California, Institute of Urban and Regional Development (IURD), Berkeley.
Thaler, R. H. (1999). Mental accounting matters. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 12, 183–206. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0771(199909)12:3
Topp, C. W., Ostergaard, S. D., Sondergaard, S., & Bech, P. (2015). The WHO 5 Well Being Index: A systematic review of the literature. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 84(3), 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1159/000376585
Walker, J. (2011). Genealogies of resilience: From systems ecology to the political economy of crisis adaptation. В: More Heat than Life: The Tangled Roots of Ecology, Energy, and Economics, 42(2), 143–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3936-7_14
World Health Organization (WHO). (1998). Wellbeing measures in primary health care / The DEPCARE Project: Report on a WHO meeting. Stockholm.
Refernces
Gordeeva, T. O., Sychev, O. A., & Osin, E. N. (2010). Development of the Russian-language version of the Dispositional Optimism Test (LOT). Psikhologicheskaya Diagnostika, (2), 36–64. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/SUFPGP
Maksimenko, A. A., & Lazarev, M. A. (2026). Perceived financial instability: Adaptation of the financial threat scale in a Russian sample. Moscow University Psychology Bulletin. Series 14. Psychology, 49(3), 143–171. https://doi.org/10.11621/LPJ-26-27. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/SDRTXP
Sergeeva, A. S., Kirillov, B. A., & Dzhumagulova, A. F. (2016). Translation and adaptation of the Brief Five-Factor Personality Inventory (TIPI RU): Assessment of convergent validity, internal consistency, and test–retest reliability. Experimental Psychology, 9(3), 138–154. https://doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2016090311. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/XAMNUL
Abreu, M., Mendes, V., & Coutinho dos Santos, M. (2025). Financial literacy, financial resilience and participation in securities markets: Evidence from Portugal. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 18(12), 677. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm18120677. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/HXWKVS
Adger, W. N. (2000). Social and ecological resilience: Are they related? Progress in Human Geography, 24, 347–364. https://doi.org/10.1191/030913200701540465. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/JTPISP
Bertrand, M., Mullainathan, S., & Shafir, E. (2004). A behavioral economics view of poverty. American Economic Review, 94(2), 419–423. https://doi.org/10.1257/0002828041302019
Bialowolski, P., Weziak Bialowolska, D., & McNeely, E. (2021). The role of financial fragility and financial control for well being. Social Indicators Research, 155(3), 1137–1157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-021-02627-5. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ITTRWA
Bottazzi, L., & Oggero, N. (2023). Financial literacy and financial resilience: Evidence from Italy. Journal of Financial Literacy and Wellbeing, 1(2), 199–224. https://doi.org/10.1017/flw.2023.10. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/WVCJFQ
Carton, F., Xiong, H., & McCarthy, J. B. (2022). Drivers of financial well being in socioeconomic deprived populations. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 34, 100628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbef.2022.100628. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/PYPJCL
Cubeddu, F., & Martini, E. (2025). Resilience and adaptive capacities of societies: Social and cultural strategies. Frontiers in Sociology, 10, 1581631. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2025.1581631. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/CDJMWZ
Demertzis, M., Domínguez Jiménez, M., & Lusardi, A. (2020). The financial fragility of European households in the time of COVID 19 (Policy Contribution, No. 2020/15). Bruegel.
Demirgüç Kunt, A., Klapper, L., Singer, D., & Ansar, S. (2022). The Global Findex database 2021: Financial inclusion, digital payments, and resilience in the age of COVID 19. World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1897-4
Folke, C. (2006). Resilience: The emergence of a perspective for social ecological systems analyses. Global Environmental Change, 16(3), 253–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.04.002
Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., & Swann, W. B. Jr. (2003). A very brief measure of the Big Five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 504–528. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00046-1
Goyal, K., Kumar, S., Rao, P., Colombage, S., & Sharma, A. (2021). Financial distress and COVID 19: Evidence from working individuals in India. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 13(4), 503–528. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-08-2020-0159. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/BQKPEO
Holling, C. S. (1973). Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 4, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.04.110173.000245
Jalili, R., Gilani, N., Najafi, B., Gordeev, V. S., & Doshmangir, L. (2025). Health financial resilience in individuals and households: A scoping review of components, strategies and outcomes. BMC Public Health, 25(1), 3021. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-24467-5. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/VAPNCK
Kamble, P. A., Mehta, A., & Rani, N. (2025). Building financial resilience: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. Journal of Economic Surveys, 40(2), 954–981. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.70024. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/BBTOKL
Kimhi, S. (2016). Levels of resilience: Associations among individual, community, and national resilience. Journal of Health Psychology, 21(2), 164–170. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105314524009
Klapper, L., & Lusardi, A. (2020). Financial literacy and financial resilience: Evidence from around the world. Financial Management, 49(3), 589–614. https://doi.org/10.1111/fima.12283
Kuramoto, Y., Bawalle, A. A., Khan, M. S. R., & Kadoya, Y. (2025). Hyperbolic discounting and its influence on loss tolerance: Evidence from Japanese investors. Risks, 13(10), 202. https://doi.org/10.3390/risks13100202. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/KETZUP
Liu, Z., Chen, J. K., & Xiao, J. J. (2025). Financial resilience: A scoping review, conceptual synthesis and theoretical framework. International Journal of Bank Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-12-2024-0735. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/BOTNNF
Luhmann, M., Hofmann, W., Eid, M., & Lucas, R. E. (2012). Subjective well being and adaptation to life events: A meta analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(3), 592–615. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025948
Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2014). The economic importance of financial literacy: Theory and evidence. Journal of Economic Literature, 52(1), 5–44. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.52.1.5. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/USUWSV
Lusardi, A., Schneider, D. J., & Tufano, P. (2011). Financially fragile households: Evidence and implications (NBER Working Paper, No. w17072). National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. https://doi.org/10.3386/w17072
Marjanovic, Z., Greenglass, E. R., Fiksenbaum, L., & Bell, Ch. M. (2013). Psychometric evaluation of the Financial Threat Scale (FTS) in the context of the great recession. Journal of Economic Psychology, 36(C), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2013.02.005
Netemeyer, R. G., Warmath, D., Fernandes, D., & Lynch, J. G. (2018). How am I doing? Perceived financial well being, its potential antecedents, and its relation to overall well being. Journal of Consumer Research, 45(1), 68–89. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucx109
Oliveira, N. A., Bressan, A. A., & Vieira, K. M. (2024). Measuring financial resilience in Brazil: Construction and validation of a psychometric instrument for vulnerable populations [Unpublished manuscript].
Orthner, D. K., Jones Sanpei, H., & Williamson, S. (2004). The resilience and strengths of low income families. Family Relations, 53(2), 159–167. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-2445.2004.00006.x
Preciado Coronado, J., & Flores Flores, D. (2025). Critical theory of the concept of resilience and general social theory. Espacio Abierto. Cuaderno Venezolano de Sociología, 34(4), 23–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16949828
Rayampatt, M. C., & Rajan, S. K. (2025). Development and validation of the Brief Financial Resilience Scale. Social Indicators Research, 179(3), 1417–1430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-025-03673-z. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/HIDEQX
Robba, M., Carmela, A., Iannello, P., & Sorgente, A. (2026). Bridging economic and psychological perspectives on financial resilience: An integrative review and research agenda. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 50(2), e70174. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.70174. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/KSIYUI
Salignac, F., Marjolin, A., Reeve, R., & Muir, K. (2019). Conceptualizing and measuring financial resilience: A multidimensional framework. Social Indicators Research, 145(1), 17–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-019-02100-4. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/VDQHWM
Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (1994). Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self mastery, and self esteem): A reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(6), 1063–1078. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.67.6.1063. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/HITQIL
Simmie, J., & Martin, R. (2010). The economic resilience of regions: Towards an evolutionary approach. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 3(1), 27–43. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsp029
Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges: Interdisciplinary perspectives. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1), 25338. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338
Swanstrom, T. (2008). Regional resilience: A critical examination of the ecological framework (Working Paper). University of California, Institute of Urban and Regional Development (IURD), Berkeley.
Thaler, R. H. (1999). Mental accounting matters. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 12, 183–206. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0771(199909)12:3
Topp, C. W., Ostergaard, S. D., Sondergaard, S., & Bech, P. (2015). The WHO 5 Well Being Index: A systematic review of the literature. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 84(3), 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1159/000376585
Walker, J. (2011). Genealogies of resilience: From systems ecology to the political economy of crisis adaptation. В: More Heat than Life: The Tangled Roots of Ecology, Energy, and Economics, 42(2), 143–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3936-7_14
World Health Organization (WHO). (1998). Wellbeing measures in primary health care / The DEPCARE Project: Report on a WHO meeting. Stockholm.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aleksander A. Maksimenko, Maksim A. Lazarev, Darya V. Yurinova
Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives» («Атрибуция — Некоммерческое использование — Без производных произведений») 4.0 Всемирная.
